Carving-machine



H. H. ADAMS GARVING MACHINE.

No. 488,047. Patented Dec. 13, 1892.

(Nq Model.) 4 SheetsSheet 1.

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4 Sheets-.Shet 2.

(No Model.)

H. H. ADAMS. GA'RVING MACHINE.

Patented Dec. 13,'1892.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

H.H.ADAMSQ OARVING MACHINE.

No. 488,047. Patented Dec. 13, 1892.

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UNITED STATES PATENT GFFICE.

HANSON H. ADAMS, OF EVERETT, MASSACHUSETTS.

CARVlNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 483,047, dated December 13, 1892.

Application filed October 28, 1891- Serial No. 410,046- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HANSON H. ADAMS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Everett, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in \Vood-Oarving Machines; andIdoherebydeclarethefollowingtobeafull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification This invention relates to improvements in wood-carving machines, particularly that class in which a gang of rotary cutting-tools are employed and all operated simultaneously and similarly to produce carvings of every description in multiple.

My improvements are embodied, primarily, in the construction of the tool-carriage and the individual tool-heads, whereby the rotary cutters are given universal movement, and thus they are capable of performing not only plain vertical work, but are enabled to pro duce undercut Work in any direction. This feature is of the utmost importance.

My improvements, moreover, are embodied in the mechanism whereby a movable support in which is mounted the counter-shaft is adapted to have as a whole both vertical and horizontal endwise adjustment.

My improvements further consist in supporting upon said movable support thepivotal frame in which are affixed the tool-carriage and tool-heads, and likewise in the several elementsby which the various adjustments are accomplished, whereby the table upon which the work isplaced may be made stationary in lieu of having a reciprocating movement, and lastly in the various instrumentalities hereinafter fully described, whereby the rotary cutters can be held in any position and then. caused to move over the work in process.

The drawings accompanying this specification represent,in Figure l, a plan in part of a wood-carving machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an end view of the tool-carriage and toolheads with the tablein vertical section.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the machine. Fig. 4 is an end view of the toolcarriage, showing its inclination from the vertical to position the tools for undercut work. Fig. 5 is a front view of the tool-carriage in part with the tools adjusted for undercut work, but in a plane at right angles to that in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is an end elevation. Fig. '7 is a front view of the counter shaft hanger which I propose to employ more especially when a stationary table is used. Fig. 8 is a sectional elevation longitudinally of the movable support, showing its adjusting mechanism with a part of the counter-shaft and its journal-supports.

In wood-carving machines of the above class, as premised, itis particularly desirable that the machine should be simple in construction and yet permit the cutting-tools to be held and adjusted in any desired position for work of every conceivable character.

The prominent feature in machines of this class is that a series of cutting-tools is similarly and simultaneously operated, each upon a separate piece of work, with the result that each piece is identical with every other. This identity in carving is effected by means of a pattern of the desired form, while a patterntool, so called, or a non-revoluble pointed steel rod is drawn over the said pattern, so as to pass over every portion of its surface. Inasmuch as the pattern-tool is mounted in the tool-carriage with the cutting-tools it follows that every motion of the pattern-tool is accompanied by similar movements of the cutting-tools. As a result the carved pieces, in shape identical with the pattern, are produced in multiple, the number depending upon the number of cutting-tools employed. v

Upon reference to the drawings, 2 represents a traveling table adapted to be reciprocated by any suitable mechanism, in the present instance by a hand-wheel and a band,

which is given a half-turn about a pulley se-' cured upon the table-support, the latter being fitted with guides.

8 represents one of twin housings or stationary uprights which support a movable support 4, carrying a counter-shaft 5, furnished with a drum 6 and a belt '7, which con nects with a suitable prime motor. Said support 4 is composed of four horizontal bars 8 8, attached to end heads 9 9, from which extend short shafts 10 10, one of which (see Fig. 2) is notched and, in connection with a toothed Wheel 12, fast upon a shaft 12 on one of the housings 3, and a hand-wheel13, serves to give the support lateral movement and to steady the latter and prevent uncertain action when blocking or roughing out work. At other times this positive feed motion is not required. Hence the shaft 12', which carries the wheel 12, is pivoted at 13, and an upward movement of the hand-wheel serves to disengage the said wheel from its notched shaft. The support is then capable of free sliding movement to and fro upon its bearings and is generally operated in this manner after the preliminary or roughing-out work has been accomplished. By the arrangementof the above elements it is evident that the lateral .feed movement may be made entirely positive by swinging the shaft 12 upon its pivot to cause the toothed wheel 12 to engage the notched shaft 10; or by raising the said shaft 12, as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 3, free movement of the support is obtained and its travel is then to be controlled solely by the hand of the operator who grasps the tool-carriage. Antifriction-rollers 14 14' support said journals 1O 10, as shown in Fig. 3, the pressure of the belt 7 serving to hold it against the rollers 14. V

To enable the support to be adjusted vertically, journal-supports or guide-blocks 15 are fitted upon the uprights 3 and are actuated each by a screw-rod 16. The weight of this support, together with the various elements attached thereto, is counterbalanced in part by the springs 17, with their pulleys 18, to enable the support to be moved ,with greater ease.

To provide a suitable bearing for the shaft 5, the end heads 9 9 are recessed (see Fig. 8) each to contain-a journal-box 19, in which the ends of said counter-shaft 5 revolve.

In connection with and attached to the movable support 4, which supports the countershaft, is an extension-frame 20, of rigid construction and pivotally attached to said support 4. In the free end of this frame is secured the tool-carriage 21.

The several instrumentalities above specified for controlling the position of the support 4 likewise serve to control the position of the tool-carriage. laterally across the table or raised above the table and is capable of every adjustment which belongs to the said support.

The tool-carriage proper 21 consists, primarily, of a horizontal plate 23, pivoted at the ends in the outer extremity of the oscillating frame 20. Said plate isformed with openings or apertures 24 in number to correspond with the cutting-tools employed. The position of this plate can be accordingly changed or partially revolved,as desired,'while it is held rig- I-Ience the latter can be moved idly, after being shifted in position, by means of a clamping-nut 25, which engages the screw-threaded end of one of the pivots. This latter projects through the frame 20 at this point. Furthermore, disposed in pairs and transversely of the center of each aperture are short verticalears 26, which serve as journals for the tool-heads 27. These latter consist of a hollow rectangular frame 28, having solid ends or short cylindrical bosses 29, cen trally bored to receive a spindle 30,1ongitudinally journaled therein. At the lower end of said spindle is removably attached a cuttingtool 31, While upon that part Within the frame 28 of the head is secured a pulley 32, suitably'operated by a belt. Rising from the top of said frame are two rigid curved arms 34,

which are pivotally connected with a rod hereinafter described. I Oscillating movement of the tool-head is effected by means of transverse bolts or trunnions 35, which rest in the ears 26. By means of the above mechanism the gang of tools are enabled to oscillate in vertical planes, as illustrated in Fig. 5, or transversely of the table.

To provide for simultaneous movement of each tool-head in the series, so that the posi tion of every individual tool shall be the same with every other as regards the surface of the table, a longitudinal rod 36 is pivotally connected to the arms 34, before mentioned, of every tool-head, and finally, passing through two clamping-bars 37 at one end of the plate 23, is held in any desired position by a thumbscrew 38. Y

Since the pivots 39 of the plate 23, which constitutes the tool-carriage 21 and in which are mounted the respective tool-heads, are at right angles to the longitudinal axes of said tool-heads, it is evident that the tools are capable of oscillating in vertical planes lengthwise of the table, or as illustrated in Fig. 4-that is, at right angles to the adjusting movement. (Shown in Fig. 5.) Hence undercut work of any description can be accomplished, since each tool can be made to circumscribe a cone, the base of which is on the the surface of the table, While its apex is at a point on the spindle 30, opposite the trunnions 35, and this is accomplishd by the combined oscillatory movements of the pivotal carriage 21 and the tool-heads 27.

To rotate the tools, belts 40 pass from the pulleys 32 to corresponding pulleys 41011 the counter-shaft 5. Preferably to balance the tool-carriage and prevent a thrust, which might occur if all the tools revolved in the same direction, those on one side of the center of the carriage revolve in one direction, While those on the other side rotate oppositely.

In the present instance the machine is fitted to carry eight cutting-tools. The center toolhead, similarly mounted after manner of the others, is equipped with a pointed metallic rod 42, which is not intended to revolve, but simply to be passed or dragged over the pattern-plate 43 by means of a hand-grasp 45, (see Fig.1,) attached to the tool-carriage or to the extension-frame 20. When the machine is in readiness to operate, the lower extremities of each tool are then to be in the same horizontal plane with each other and with the end of the pattern-tool. Hence every movement, rise or fall, lateral, oblique, or otherwise, is participated in by each and all of the cutting tools. Such movements are controlled by the surface contour of the pattern, and hence when the pattern-tool has been passed across every portion of the surface of said pattern an identical reproduction has been created by each one of the cutting-tools.

To relieve the operator from fatigue incidental to the weight of the frame 20 when the latter is moved about, I have attached pendent springs 46, which are upheld by suitable links and pulleys 47, adjustable vertically.

When the tool-carriage is positioned obliquely, as shown in Fig. 4that is, in aplane parallel with. the longitudinal axis of the belt, or when the latter is moving at an ob: lique angle with the tool-spindle 30 in lieu of at right angles, or thereabout, as is usually the casethere is a tendency for the belt to ride up and slip off. Hence I have arranged guide-rolls 48 above and below, as shown in Fig. 4. Thus When the carriage has been tilted to a certain angle the belt is brought against one of said guides, and it is thus held against any further tendency to run off until the carriage is returned to a more normal po.-

sition.

In Figs. 2 and3 of the drawings the woodcarving machine is shown as equipped with a traveling table and a pivotal or oscillating frame 20, with a counter-shaft 5, the said frame being attached to a support 4, which is adj ustably mounted in two fixed uprights 3 3. e

To avoid the use of a movable table and its guides, I have showna modified way of mounting the swinging frame 20, in which the cutting-tools are secured. By means of this arrangement a stationary table can be substituted for the movable table now in general use.

Reference to the drawings, Figs. 6 and 7, shows the counter-shaft 5, with its drum 6 and belt 7, supported in two fixed standards 49, while an intermediary hanger-frame, 50, furnished with a shaft 51, having a drum 52, the latter receiving motion from a belt 53, is pivotally attached to the lower ends of a pair of rods 54, suitably trussed and capable of movement laterally by means of rolls or wheels 56, affixed in their upper ends and adapted to travel on horizontal guides 57 in fixed hanger-posts 58. To this swinging hangerframe 50 is attached the oscillating frame 20, which contains the tool-carriage and toolheads. To provide for lateral movement of said frame 20, the drum 52 is elongated, while longitudinal movement is effected by the swinging movement of the rods 54 upon their supports. By such mechanism circular, oval, or other curvilinear motion may be described by the cutting-tools without change in the position of the tool-carriage or the individual tool-heads. For undercut work the necessary adjustments in the positions of the tool-carriage' and of the tool-heads must be made in the usual manner, as before explained, when the table had traveling movement.

The mode of operation when the above- 1 described instrumentalities co-operate is as follows: The screw-rod 16 serves to adjust the horizontal support 4 ata suitable distance above the table. At the same time the pivotal shaft 12' is in an upraised position (see Fig. 3) to disengage the wheel 12 from its notched shaft 10. In this way the carriage and tools are readily positioned above the work. After the preliminary adjustment is obtained the hand-wheel13 is grasped, the shaft 12 swung down, and the toothed wheel caused to engage the notched shaft. The machine is then in readiness to perform the rough or blocking-out work and all lateral thrusts or unsteady motion is avoided by the positive feed mechanismrnow employed. When blocking out is finished, the hand-wheel and shaft are'again raised, the toothed wheel 12 and shaft 10 disengaged, and the standard free to be controlled by'a slight push or thrust from the hand of the operator. The tool-carriage is now tilted or rocked by loosening the thumb-nut 25 to adjust the tools in a proper position, considered with reference to a vertical plane longitudinally of the table, as would be indicated by reference to Fig. 4 of the drawings. This position may be vertical with respect to the surface of the table or oblique thereto. A further adjustment can be made to bring the carriage in such position as to cause the longitudinal axes of the tools to be maintained in a plane vertically of the table, considered lengthwise, but obliquely with respect to a IIO formed the tools are to be adjusted to stand normal with the surface of the table when .the operator grasps the hand-hold 45 and causes the tools to follow the pattern and cut thework, which is actuatedin traverses after the manner of a planer when a movable table is employed. Lateral movement is produced by means of the pinion 12 and the notched 'rod 10 of the standard in blockingwork.

In the event of a stationary table being used the frame 20, with the tool-carriage and 'its tools, is reciprocated in right lines by the oscillation of the hanger-frame 50 upon its rollers 56transversely aboutthe rods 57. Lateral movement or feed is easily obtained by the operator giving a thrust or pull to the enlikewise move the bar 36, which will produce a compound resultant movement, hereinbefore described, of great utility.

What I'claim is 1. In a carvinginachine, the combination, with fixed uprights, a rigid supportpivotally mounted in said uprights andmovable endwise therein, means'whereby vertical adjustment of said support as a whole on said uprights is effected, and a horizontal extensionframe secured'a't oneend to said support, of

'a tool-carriage rocking transversely in the. free end of 'saidframe,'a non-revoluble pat-- tern-tooL-and one or 'more revoluble cutting tools mounted in said carriage, substantially as specified.

2. In a carving-machine, the combination,

with ffixed uprights, a support pivotally mounted in'said uprights and'movable endwise therein, means whereby vertical movement of said support as a whole on said uprights is efiected,a frame attached to said supportto swing therewith, and a carriage.

mounted to rock transversely in the free end 'of said frame, o'f'a series of independent'tooh heads'pivotally mounted in said carriage,'a non-'revolublepattern-tool, and one or more revoluble cutting-tools secured in said heads and adapted for universal movement, substantially as explained.

3. In a carving-machine, the combination, with 'aiwork-table, a supportfree to-move endwise and torock on its axis and in which is supported a counter-shaft, a frame attached at one end to said support and rocking or swinging therewith, and an axially-rocking tool-carriage in'the free end of said frame, of

a series of tool-heads adapted to swing piv-.

otally in planes coincident with the longitudinal axis of thec'arriage, one or more removable cutting tools, and a single pattern-' tool in the lower end of said heads, and mechanism for rotating said cuttingtools inde passing between said arms 37', a non-revoluble pattern-tool, a series of revoluble cuttingtools, and means for actuating the cuttingtools, substantially as set forth and stated.

5. In a carving-machine, the combination,

with a swinging frame having horizontal and vertical adjustment and a tool-carriage adapted to rock axially in its free end and be held in any position,of a series of tool-heads oscillating at right angles to the rockingmove ment of the carriage and mounted thereupon,

a series of revoluble spindles in said head, operating-tools, a longitudinally-movable rod pivotally attached to each tooLhead to produce simultaneous and similar movement of every head, and a clamp whereby the said rod and connected parts may be held in desired position of adjustment, substantially as set forth.

6. In a carving-machine,a swinging frame capable of horizontal and vertical adjustment, an axially-rocking tool-carriagc'in its-free end, composed of an-aperturedplate 23, its journal-su'pports, the upright ears in pairs thereacross, a'recipro cating bar 36, and end arms 37 combined with'a series of tool-heads, each composed-of a frame 28, trunnions 35, a revoluble spindle to receive a cutting-tool and furnished with a pulley, and guide-rolls 48, all operating substantially asexplained.

7. In a carving-machine, thecombination, with aswinging frame, an axially-rockingtoolcarriage'in its free end, a'series of tool-heads 'pivotally mounted in said carriage, a non-revoluble pattern-tool, and a series of revoluble cutting-tool's adapted foruniversal movement, of an oscillating hanger-frame which upholds the pivoted end-of the swinging frame, the fixed supports, and mechanism to provide right-line movement of the hanger-frame upon its supports, substantially as stated.

8. In a carving-machine, a rigid swinging frame, a support capable-as a whole of horizontal endwise movement and also vertical adjustment, and the counterpoise springs or weights, combined with a tool-carriage adapted to rock upon its axis parallel with thehorizontal axis on which the frame swings,a pattern-tool and one or more cutting-tools, and tool-heads which receive said tools and are capable of adjustment pivotally in planes coincident the longitudinal axis of the tool-carriage, substantially as explained.

9. The fixed uprights 3, an oscillating extension-frame 20, upon which is mounted a pivotal tool-carriage with rocking tool-heads, combined with a movable support 4, which interconnects said extension-frame with the uprights and is composed of end heads 9, supporting-shafts 10, and longitudinal connecting-bars 8, and with the pivotally-supported shaft and its toothed wheel 12, and handwheel 13, said toothed wheel being adapted to be engaged with one of the shafts 10 when desired, substantially as specified and set forth.

10. In combination with fixed uprights, a

movablesupportcapableofvertioal and longiate the individual cutting-tools in the tool- 10 tudinal adjustment thereupon, an oscillating heads, substantially as explained.

extension-frame pivoted at one end to said In testimony whereof Iaffixmysignature in support, the pivotal tool-carriagewith rockpresence of two witnesses.

ing tool-heads in the free end of said frame, and a counter-shaft 5, actuated by someprime -motor and having journal-supports 19 in the Witnesses:

end heads of said support, aseries of pulleys H. E. LODGE,

upon said shaft, and belts therefrom to oper- FRANCIS O. STANWOOD,

HANSON H. ADAMS. 

